CONTROL OF IMPORTANT CROP PESTS

RICE

COCONUT

BANANA

TAPIOCA

ARECANUT

PEPPER

GINGER

CASHEW

CONTROL OF IMPORTANT CROP DISEASES

CONTROL OF IMPORTANT CROP PESTS

*Insect pests*	*Control measures*
top	RICE
Stem borer	Nursery-collection of egg masses Cultivation of tolerant variety - IR20 Use of sex pheromones Insecticides Qty/ha Carbofuran 3G 18kg Fentitronthion 50C 100ml Phosphamidon 86EC 250ml Quinalphos 25 EC 750ml
Gall midge	Nursery-10-15 Days after sowing Phorate 10G or Carbofuran 3G Avoid late tranplantation during first crop season Insecticides Qty/ha Carbofuran 3G 18kg Phorate 10G 12.5 kg Phosphamidon 86EC 250ml
Rice bug	Keep field and bunds weed free Apply anyone of the insecticides in the early morning or late evening Insecticides Methyl Parathion 50EC 500ml Malathion 50 EC 1000ml Carbaryl 10% DP 20kg
Leaf roller	Open up leaf folds by thorny twig Insecticides Quinalphos 25EC 750ml Monocrotophos 40EC 600ml Methyl Parathion 50EC 500ml Fenthion 50EC 1000ml Triazophos 40EC 625 ml
Brown Plant	Cultivation of tolerant/resistant varieties like Jyothi, Bharathi, Pavizham, Aiswarya, Kanakom, Nila Drain water from field Insecticides Quinalphos 25 EC 750ml Fenthion 50EC 1000ml Carbaryl 10% DP 20kg Phosphamidon 100EC 250ml
Case worm	Drain water from the field Insecticides Carbaryl 10% DP 20 kg Carbaryl 50% WP 2.5 kg
Swarming Caterpillar Rice hispa	Insecticides Fenthion 50EC 1000ml Fenitrothion 50EC 1000ml Spray any contact insecticide
Rice thrips	Insecticides Carbaryl 50%WP 2kg Dimethoate 30EC 1000kg Quinalphos 25EC 750 ml
Whorl maggot	Insecticides Phorate 10G 12.5 kg
Mealy bug	Insecticides Dimethoate 30EC 750 ml Phosphamidon 86EC 250ml
top	COCONUT
Eriophoyidmite	Maintain field sanitation and clean the crown periodically. Spraying 2% Neem oil Garlic emulsion. Spraying Micronized wettable sulphur 4g/l 1-1.5 l spray fluid is required/palm.
Rhinoceros Beetle	Hook out beetles using beetle hook. Fill to the inner most leaf axils on the crown with Sevidol 8G 20g+200g fine sand. Insecticidal treatment of manure pits/breeding sites with 0.01% Carbaryl on w/w basis- repeated every 3 months. Use the virus Bacuiovirus oryctes against adults & grubs and the fungus Metarrhizum anisopliae against grubs.
Red palm Weevil	Leaf axil filing - see above Avoid making steps on trees inject attacked palms with Carbaryl at 20 g/l concentration or Trichlorphone 2ml/l When the infestation is through crown clean the crown and pour the insecticideal suspension. Coconut log traps with fermenting toddy and pineapple or sugarcane activates with yeast/molasses to attract weevil. Incorporate any of the insecticide to each trap to kill the weevils trapped.
Black headed caterpiller	Cut and burn affected leaves Arrange for liberation of Braconid/Bethylid/EIasmid parasites as soon as infestation is noted. If infestation is severe spray under surface of the fronds with Malathion 1 ml/l Quinalphos 2 ml/l, or Phosalone 1.4 ml/l
Cockchafer beetle	Plough/dig infested soil synchronising with pre-monsoon showers. Apply Thimet @ 100 g/palm or drench with chlorpyriphos 2 ml/l . chorpyriphos 2 ml/l Cluswith last centance
Coried bug	Spray Carbaryl 2 g/l on the young bunches. Avoid spraying at the receptive phase of female flowers. Spray the entire crown excluding leaves & older bunches.
Mealy bug	Application of non-residual phosphate insecticides like dimethoate at 1.6 ml/l at the site of the infestation.
top	BANANA
Banana aphid	Apply phorate (10% G) - 25 g/plant 20 Days after planting around rhizomes in soil. Apply Phorate (10%G) - 12.5 g/plant in the leaf axil or 25 g/plant In soil 75 Days after planting and at 165 Days after planting. For red banana apply Phorate (10%G) - 25 g/p!ant as soil application on 25,95 & 165 Days after planting. Alternatively, apply carbofuran (3%G) at 20 g/plant arcund rhizomes at the time of planting followed by leaf axil filling of 20 g twice on 75 and 165 Days after planting. Cultural practices, uprooting & destruction of old-rhizones, use of pest free suckers for planting.
Pseudo Stem borer	Adopt strict field sanitation. Leaf axil filling with chlorphyriphos 2.5 ml/I Strict monitoring of the field from 4th month onwards for detecting infestation.
Rhizome weevil	Adopt strict sanitation. Select only healthy suckers. Deep plough the soil to expose the inner layers of soil to sun. Cut and remove the outerlayer of rhizome and sun dry for 3-4 days after smearing with a slurry of cowdung and ash. Set traps with pseudostem of ¹/₂ m length split lengthwise.
Nematodes	Dip suckers in carbofuran 3.5 g/l for 30 min. before planting or apply Carbofuran 3G at 1 gal/plant at planting around the circles. If infestation is severe, apply Carbofuran 3G 1 gal/ha 105 Days after planting. Spraying stems with 1.6 ml/l Dimethoate, before storing.
top	TAPIOCA
Tapioca scale	Light infestation-controlled by spraying the crop with water at 10 days intervals from the onset of infestation.
Mealy bug	Severe infestation - spray Dimethoate 1.6 ml/l or Methyl demeton 2 ml/l at monthly intervals from the time of appearance.
Mites	As a prophylatic measure spray the stems with Dimethoate 1.6 mill before storing.
top	ARECANUT
Spindle bug	Spray crowns with Carbaryl 50% WP (20 g/100 I of water). Repeat spraying after 30-35 days, if incidence continues.
Mites	Spray the under surface of leaves with Chlorobenzilate (0.025%). Dichlorobenzilic acid (0.025%) or Carbophenothion (0.05%). Repeat at intervals of 15-20 days, if there is pest occurence. Spray bunches with Dimethoate at 1.6 ml/l to control orange coloured mites.
Inflorescence caterpillar	Force open the inflorescence out of the enclosing spathe and spray, Malathion 50% EC(250 ml/100 I of water)
Root bug	Loosen soil around the base of palm to 10-15 cm depth & drench with chlorpyriphos 0.04% suspension twice - May & September. Repeat application for 2-3 years. Soil application of phorate 10G is also recommended.
top	PEPPER
Pollu beetle	Spray any of the insecticides Dimethoate 1.6ml/l or Quinalphos 2 ml/l. Sprayings are to be given at the time of spike emergence (June-July) at berry formation (Sept-Oct) & at berry maturing stage. Spraying with Cypermethrin 0.01 % twice at berry formation and after one month is also recommended.
Leaf gall thrips	Insecticides Monocrotophos 1.25 ml/l Dimethoate 2ml/l or Phosphamidon 0.4 ml/l may be used.
Soft scale	Spray Quinalphos 2 ml/l
Nematodes	Use nematode-free rooted cuttings. Apply Phorate/Carbofuran @ 1 gal/Vine twice a year. May-June & Sept-Oct.
top	GINGER
Shoot borer	Spray Dimethoate 1.6ml/l or Quinalphos 2 ml/l
top	CASHEW
Tea mosquito	Spray Carbaryl 2 g or Quinalphos 2 ml/l or Phosphamidon 0.4 ml/l Sprays have to be given at the time of emergence of flushes, at emergence of panicles & at the time of fruit set. Oct-Nov., Dec-Jan and Jan-Feb.
Stem and root borer	Swab the trunk and exposed roots with Carbaryl. Swab the trunk upto 1 m height with a suspension of Carbaryl 0.2% or with Coaltar and kerosene (1:2) twice.